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The effect of each variable prioritize research also showed use of tool television advertising has the greatest impact on consumers transfer of brand identity. According to the results, it can be said that managers, marketers and planners of advertising companies, organizations and clubs and sporting goods service provider using of the effectiveness of each advertising tool and provide an integrated program of tools and to inform, remind and convince consumers can transfer of brand identity or brand and achieve their advertising goals.
When non-operative verses surgical ACL reconstruction is considered there are many fundamental gaps in our knowledge and currently, at elite level, there are no cases in cutting sports within the literature to guide these decisions. When the norm is for all professional footballers to be recommended surgery, it will be very challenging when circumstances and patient autonomy dictate a conservative approach, where prognosis, end points and risk are unclear and assumed to be high.
This case challenges current dogma and provides a starting point for much needed debate about best practice, treatment options, research direction and not just at the elite level of sport. Presence of the relative age effect and its effect on playing time among under players in the Norwegian premier league Tippeligaen — a four-year follow up.
Full Text Available European top-level soccer clubs are continually looking for talented players. Few clubs, however, are willing to let youth players play at the highest senior level. Perhaps as a consequence, the search for talented players has resulted in an imbalance in the characteristics of these players, towards an overrepresentation of players born early in the selection year, an effect called the relative age effect RAE.
The RAE has been documented to be present among senior top-level players. Even so, few studies have investigated the effect among youth players at the senior level. Participants were male players born in The effect was even increasing in the four-year period. As we could expect based on the literature, the oldest players are given more playing time. However, the connection between playing time and RAE was inconsistent. Norwegian top-level soccer seems to be affected by the RAE when selecting their players.
These players are not however guaranteed playing time because of the RAE. The knee and the ankle were the most common injured parts. Most injuries were caused by tackling Continental Mathematics League.
This article describes the activities of the Continental Mathematics League , which offers a series of meets for children in grades 3 though 9. In addition, a Calculus League and a Computer Contest are offered. The league allows schools to participate by mail so that rural schools can participate. Premier 's imaging IR limb sounder. Emerging from recent advanced instrument technologies IRLS shall, next to a millimetre-wave limb sounder called STEAMR , explore the benefits of three-dimensional limb sounding with embedded cloud imaging capability.
Pathophysiological and pharmacological concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-alpha and interleukin-1 beta IL-1 beta in the cerebrospinal fluid CSF induce anorexia in normal rats. Obesity in humans and rodents is associated with increased TNF-alpha messenger RNA and protein levels in various cell types. This suggests that obese individuals may have differential regulation of cytokine production and dissimilar responsiveness to cytokines.
The results show that: TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, and the concomitant administration of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta decreased the short-term 4 hours , nighttime 12 hours , and total daily food intakes in obese and lean rats; IL-1 beta was more potent relative to TNF-alpha; obese rats showed greater responsiveness to IL-1 beta: 8. On the other hand, obese and lean rats did not exhibit a significantly different responsiveness to the anorexia induced by 50, , or ng TNF-alpha at the 4-hour period; and the concomitant ICV administration of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta induced anorexia with additive 4-hour period or synergistic hour and hour periods effects in obese rats.
The effect of TNF-alpha plus IL-1 beta in lean rats was greater than additive for the hour and hour periods. Author Details. Dubihlela, J. Locomotor activity of professional football referees. Full Text Available Purpose : To study the structure of the motor activity of foreign European football referees qualifications and Ukrainian arbitrators Premier League , the first, second league.
The objectives of the study was to determine the amount and direction of the motor activity of soccer referees. Also perform a comparative analysis of the motor activity of football referees of different qualifications in Europe and Ukraine. Material : The study involved 38 referees - soccer referees first, second, of the Premier League with the different regions of Ukraine, as well as foreign arbitrators FIFA.
Results : It was found that in the period of the motor activity of the arbitrator was walking - Average per match referee overcomes distance Ukrainian Premier League referees are inferior to move moderate jogging foreign arbitrators FIFA respectively - 6, Conclusions : The results of the research showed that the magnitude of motor activity during football matches in professional arbitrators may be different.
It depends on their physical fitness Championship competition, the league , the level of the teams playing, the nature of the intensity of the match. The arbitrator must remain near the gaming moments to control them and prevent possible confrontation.
Full Text Available Basketball is a sport that has a very long tradition in the territory of ex-Yugoslavia. The breakdown of the country led to a de- crease in quality of basketball in the newly created countries. The unsteadiness of quality of the teams in national leagues resulted in formation of the Regional Adriatic Basketball League ABA in The calculating of HHI index gave a different result.
The main reason for that is a huge number of teams taking part in the league , which causes the unequable distribution of quality players. Reason for that are different mechanisms whose goal is to reach and maintain the competitive balance. CERN Multimedia. Premier Wen emphasied the importance for China to collaborate on fundamental science 0. Premier Hospital Historical Data. Comparison of economic activity leading U. Full Text Available The main activities of the leading sports leagues were described.
Sources of revenue and expenditure were identified. The economic performance of professional sports leagues of the United States of America was compared. In the course of the study of economic efficiency of the leading American sports leagues are defined payroll expense commands on the salaries of players for each team, the total payroll in the League and the average payroll, respectively, for each of the American League.
The largest estimates on wages, both in the League and in teams - in the National football League , the largest player's contract - in the Highest League baseball, the minimum wage in the National hockey League ; the highest average wages, a greater percentage of athletes with a salary of more than 1 million. This difference in the maximum income of the League and of average wages is due to several factors: the number of players in the team, the number of games in a season, and expenses on carrying out of competition and training activities.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass RYGB and duodenal jejunal bypass DJB , two different forms of bariatric surgery, are associated with improved glucose tolerance, but it is not clear whether the gut microbiota contributes to this effect. We observed a profound expansion of Firmicutes specifically A gender-sensitised weight loss and healthy living programme for overweight and obese men delivered by Scottish Premier League football clubs FFIT : a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. The prevalence of male obesity is increasing but few men take part in weight loss programmes.
We assessed the effect of a weight loss and healthy living programme on weight loss in football soccer fans. The intervention group started a weight loss programme within 3 weeks, and the comparison group were put on a 12 month waiting list. All participants received a weight management booklet. Primary outcome was mean difference in weight loss between groups at 12 months, expressed as absolute weight and a percentage of their baseline weight. Primary outcome assessment was masked.
Analyses were based on intention to treat. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Designed to be practical and engaging, Mastering Adobe Premiere Pro CS6 is a project-based book to help you truly augment your skills and become a film editing hotshot. If you're just starting out or even migrating from existing video editing software, then this book is for you. With rapid progression through practical examples constructed to be both engaging and useful, Mastering Adobe Premiere Pro CS6 is ideal for learning the sometimes complex workflows of this powerful application.
As a result, we have found that the Brazilian League was the most balanced tournament in this period and there are no statistical differences between European leagues. Management and marketing of sporting events: Nike Premier Cup Project.
Title: Management and marketing ofsporting events: Nike Premier Cup project Points of thesis: Publish the Nike Premier Cup promotion campaign project and point out improvement possibilities for upcoming years based on analysis ofpast and present state.
Science of rugby league football: a review. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the science of rugby league football at all levels of competition i. Rugby league football is played at junior and senior levels in several countries worldwide. A rugby league team consists of 13 players 6 forwards and 7 backs.
The game is played over two 30 - 40 min halves depending on the standard of competition separated by a 10 min rest interval. Several studies have documented the physiological capacities and injury rates of rugby league players. More recently, studies have investigated the physiological demands of competition.
Interestingly, the physiological capacities of players, the incidence of injury and the physiological demands of competition all increase as the playing standard is increased.
Mean blood lactate concentrations of 5. Mean heart rates of beats. Skill-based conditioning games have been used to develop the skill and fitness of rugby league players, with mean heart rate and blood lactate responses during these activities almost identical to those obtained during competition. In addition, recent studies have shown that most training injuries are sustained in traditional conditioning activities that involve no skill component i.
Full Text Available The issue of race was virtually beyond the touchline in Australian rugby league before the s. Institutionalised racism meant that few Aboriginal men played rugby league at the highest professional level. The dearth of critical writing in rugby league history indicates that racism in the sport has been subject to a form of social blindness and deemed unworthy of study.
All three sections in this chapter are interrelated. Expansions and relocations, especially in the early years of a league , are often the response to upstart rival leagues. More recently, relocations have occurred because another city offers a better facility lease regardless of whether the league as a whole is better off or not.
Relocations, more so than expansions, often end up in court whether as an antitrust case accusing the league of monopolistically restricting business or as an emi These are opinion pieces, are not peer reviewed, and reflect the views of their authors alone. A systematic review of concussion in rugby league. Concussion remains one of the inherent risks of participation in rugby league.
While other injuries incurred by rugby league players have been well studied, less focus and attention has been directed towards concussion. The current review examined all articles published in English from up to June pertaining to concussion in rugby league players.
Publications were retrieved via six databases using the key search terms: rugby league , league , football; in combination with injury terms: athletic injuries, concussion, sports concussion, sports-related concussion, brain concussion, brain injury, brain injuries, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, traumatic brain injury, TBI, craniocerebral trauma, head injury and brain damage. Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were all included. Rugby league concussion incidence rates vary widely from 0.
The incidence rates vary across match play versus training session, seasons winter vs summer and playing position forwards vs backs. The ball carrier has been found to be at greater risk for injury than tacklers. In comparison with other collision sports, research evaluating concussion in rugby league is limited. With such limited published rugby league data, there are many aspects of concussion that require attention, and future research may be directed towards these unanswered questions. For permission to use where not already granted under a.
Rapsodie first core manufacture. Premiere partie: l'atelier de fabrication. Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires. This report is the first in a series of three describing the processes, results and peculiar technical problems related to the manufacture of the first core of the fast reactor Rapsodie. A detailed study of manufacturing processes pellets, pins, fissile sub-assemblies , the associated testings raw materials, processed pellets and pins, sub-assemblies before delivery , manufacturing facilities and improvements for a second campaign are described.
Il comporte une etude detaillee des procedes de fabrication pastilles, aiguilles, assemblages combustibles et des methodes de controle associees matieres premieres , pastilles et aiguilles en cours de fabrication, assemblages fissiles avant livraison , ainsi qu'une decription complete des installations de l'atelier de fabrication et les modifications apportees pour une deuxieme campagne.
The objective of this thesis was to find out about the role of Internet today in premiering movie marketing and whether Internet is a good tool for it. The hope was to obtain new information provided by moviegoers and to contribute something useful to the art of marketing premiering movies. This thesis was a part of the School of Business and Information Management's Innomajakka-project but did not have an official commissioner, so the topic for the thesis came from the writer's personal and It has many abnormalities, including hyperphagia, hyper-insulinemia, insulin resistance, low cerebral glucose utilization and an overactive hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal HPA axis with resulting hypercorticism.
These common regions were found to belong to be related to the limbic system. Within this system, the LCGU of the brain of obese rats was either normalized to lean sham operated values or increased by ADX to a similar degree in both groups on a percentage basis.
It was concluded that the LCGU of both lean and obese animals appears to be negatively regulated, albeit to different extents, by glucocorticoids. The challenge and impact of engaging hard-to-reach populations in regular physical activity and health behaviours: an examination of an English Premier League 'Football in the Community' men's health programme. To investigate the challenges that men from hard-to-reach HTR populations encounter when attempting to commit to regular participation in physical activity and health behaviours, and to explore the psychological and social effects of participation in a twelve week football-led health improvement intervention.
The programme consisted of a two hour football session, twice weekly, alongside the dissemination of healthy living messages. Football sessions were conducted by a qualified FitC coach.
This research was conducted during a twelve week period of immersed practitioner-research. Ethnographic and observational methodologies were adopted. Psychosocial issues were discussed with participants through informal client-researcher interactions and data were logged via field notes.
Records of attendance were logged. Participants who failed to attend a session were contacted and their reason s for non-attendance were recorded. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive reasoning. Despite the apparent ambition of the participants to regularly participate in the FitC programme, adherence to the programme was poor. Economic, environmental and social barriers to engagement in the programme were apparent.
Engagement in the programme resulted in positive psychosocial developments; the development of structure, social interaction and social capital. Community based football-led health improvement programmes endorsed by professional football clubs appear well positioned to connect with, and attract, men from HTR populations. The evidence suggests that such programmes can. This paper provides one of the few successful demonstrations of the efficiency of certain types of restrictions in the context of a joint venture.
The joint venture we examine is the National Hockey League NHL in the s, which was then composed of 21 separately owned teams.
It now has 30 teams. The restriction we analyze is the NHL rule on franchise relocation. Before one can fully understand the effect of the restriction, one must understand the theory of how sports leagues operate an We investigated the effects of a circadian disadvantage i. We reviewed 5 years of regular season games in the National Basketball Association, National Hockey League and National Football League , and noted the winning percentage of the visiting team depending on the direction of travel west, east, and same time zone and game time day and evening games.
T-tests and analysis of variance were performed to evaluate the effects of the circadian disadvantage, its direction, the number of time zones travelled, and the game time on winning percentages in each major league.
The results showed an association between the winning percentages and the number of time zones traveled for the away evening games, with a clear disadvantage for the teams travelling westward. The effect of the circadian disadvantage transcends the type of sport and needs to be addressed for greater equity among the western and eastern teams in professional sports.
These results also highlight the importance of circadian rhythms in sport performance and athletic competitions. The development of the Internet and subsequent evolution of social networking has significantly changed the effectiveness of patient advocacy groups for rare diseases. The greatest degree of change has occurred at the patient level, with an increased ability of affected individuals to share experiences and support, and to raise public awareness.
Other changes have occurred, not only in the way rare diseases are diagnosed, studied, and treated, but also in how they are addressed at the level of legislation and public policy. The IDEA League 's mission encompasses international support and outreach for patients and families, as well as collaboration with physicians, medical education, health care coordination, and research.
The IDEA League is an excellent example of the impact of patient advocacy groups, the Internet, and social networking on the landscape of rare diseases. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Rapid identification of the causative pathogen in patients with bacteremia allows adjustment of antibiotic therapy and improves patient outcomes.
Experimental data from simulated cultures was compared with microbiology records of TTD for both culture media with growth of the species of interest in clinical blood cultures. In the experimental conditions, median TTD was 3. The magnitude of reduction differed between species. This article examines the role and usefulness of league tables that are increasingly used to measure and compare the performance of tertiary education institutions.
The article begins with a general overview and a typology of league tables. It continues with a discussion of the controversies they have generated, including the basis and the range…. The Fanconi anemia FA pathway participates in interstrand cross-link ICL repair and the maintenance of genomic stability.
Echographie devant une metrorragie du premier trimestre de You can read more about what to fix. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 24 May. It will be on all wikis from 25 May calendar. Gadgets with code that does not follow recommendations could have problems with this.
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Alex-7 created a web app. Newest properties : Filmweb. This means planned changes did not happen. The meeting will be on 30 May at UTC. Future changes You will be able to control who can notify you on the Wikimedia wikis. You will have a user blacklist. When you add a user to the blacklist you will not get a notification when they mention you. You can test this on Beta Wikipedia.
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Changes that were planned to go out last week did not happen. This is to make it easier to find the languages likely to be useful to the reader or editor. Everyone can still click to see the full list. Logged-in users who use the compact language links will see languages they have in their Babel box on their user page in the first, shorter list. You can turn the compact language list off or on in your preferences.
Logged-in users with at least ten edits will now get the latest changes instead. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 June. It will be on all wikis from 8 June calendar.
String comparisons in Scribunto modules are now always done case-insensitively by byte order. Before they were sometimes in a case-sensitive US-English collation order. This could break some modules. The meeting will be on 6 June at UTC. Future changes The wikitext editor will be removed the week of 27 June. This is the old toolbar with small square blue buttons. You can see a picture of it. They will not see a toolbar at all. The OCG code has a lot of problems and will stop working.
It has to be replaced. An alternative is Electron. You can tell the developers what you need the PDF service to be able to do. Electron already works on German Wikipedia.
It will be on English Wikipedia later this week so you can test it there too. You can read and comment on the draft that describes the new committee. Help us find the offices of heads of governments across the world! Sitelinks of Wiktionary will be enabled on June 20th Did you know? Comment on property proposals: all open proposals Suggested and open tasks! From the editors: Signpost status: On reserve power, Help wanted!
News and notes: Global Elections Arbitration report: Cases closed in the Pacific and with Magioladitis Op-ed: Wikipedia's lead sentence problem Featured content: Three months in the land of the featured In the media: Did Wikipedia just assume Garfield's gender?
Recent research: Wikipedia bot wars capture the imagination of the popular press Technology report: Tech news catch-up Traffic report: Film on Top: Sampling the weekly top Protests caught on. Here is the full set: Help us find the offices of heads of governments across the world! Help us to show who fills the role of head of government on Wikidata Linking back in the other direction Check that the data is consistent Conclusion: So, what is the gender breakdown of heads of government?
When you write an edit summary there you can now see how many bytes you have left before the summary is too long. You see them next to the search results. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 June. It will be on all wikis from 15 June calendar. Meetings You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. The meeting will be on 13 June at UTC. Future changes You will soon be able to get a notification when someone tries to log in to your account.
You can test this on the test wiki. This will only work if they fail to log in to your account. Electron now works on all Wikimedia projects. Today the search only finds pages that are exactly the same as what you search for. This is to make it easier to find pages when you don't know the exact title. Discussions New requests for comments: How would you state the number of rooms, restaurants, suites in a hotel? Contains a number of blog links, particularly about WikiCite. WikidataCon Registration is now open!
Check the information and fill the form to register. Let's build the program by proposing a project until July 31st Due the necessary time for people to get visas about 3 months , we changed the deadline for the scholarship applications.
You can apply for a scholarship before July 16th. We will then make sure that the applicants receive a response on July 25th. Other Noteworthy Stuff We have reached ,, edits. It has now been fixed. This will probably happen on 21 June. It may be postponed. Some tools use this to get the recent changes feed. They will not work when it is down. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 21 June.
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It will add that to the user's search query. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 28 June. It will be on all wikis from 29 June calendar. Previously, this was disabled for everyone. The meeting will be on 27 June at UTC. More tickets will be released in September. You can still register on the waitlist. The currency amounts are inflation adjusted if data is available.
Development Worked more on support for lexicographical data and Wiktionary. The focus was on creating a necessary new datatype to link to Lexemes as well as making Glosses and statements on Glosses editable. Getting ready to migrate the constraints definitions from templates on the property talk page to statements on the property. Open Street Map or Google Maps are examples of other map services.
If you had marked a place on the map the marker would not be in the same place on the other map service. It was in the middle of the map. This has now been fixed. This is because of technical maintenance. If you have not worked on a translation after 1 January you will lose it after 6 July. If you want to keep the unfinished translation you need to open it before 6 July with the Content Translation tool.
You can continue working on it later. Translations that were started or have been worked on after 1 January will not be affected. There is no new Mediawiki version this week. EventStreams is a new way to show activity on Wikimedia wikis. It works with the recent changes feed. It will do more things later. It will replace RCStream. If you need to be funded for the WikidataCon, please fill the form before July 16th Which discussions, workshops, demos should be covered during the WikidataCon?
Other Noteworthy Stuff We have some real Meta data! The StrepHit team has submitted an official uplift proposal for the primary sources tool Migration of constraint definitions to property statements around July 12th Sitelinks for the new Atikamekw Wikipedia atjwiki can be added Citation management tool Zotero can now read data from Wikidata, and can write data from other sources to Wikidata via QuickStatements.
See Wikidata:Zotero for details. New step towards structured data for Commons is now available One week after Q we have Q Did you know? Recent changes There are sometimes links to pages about the same thing on other Wikimedia projects. You can now see when that page has a badge. A badge could be the star that shows that an article is a featured article. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 12 July.
It will be on all wikis from 13 July calendar. The meeting will be on 11 July at UTC. Future changes Mobile users will be able to edit Wikipedia without JavaScript. This will make it possible to edit the wikis from older mobile phones. This will probably happen on 18 July for most wikis. Therefore, knowledge about the epidemiology of soccer injuries could allow sports-medicine professionals, such as physicians and physiotherapists, to direct their work in specific preventive programs.
Thus, our aim was to conduct an epidemiological survey of injuries sustained by professional soccer players from the same team who participated in the Brazilian championship premier league in To this end, we evaluated retrospectively player medical records from the team, which included name, date of birth, position, date of injury, mechanism of injury, and type of injury.
In the period of study, 95 injuries were recorded: 42 Injuries occurred more frequently in midfielders and strikers. All injuries happened in the lower limb, most of the injuries were muscular, and most occurred as the result of collisions with other athletes. In summary, this study demonstrates that there is a need for greater safety awareness in the training environment. Keywords: injuries, epidemiology, soccer players. Material and methods: in this study, data were obtained from players, who performed in competitions 90 minutes.
The players were classified into 3 positional roles: defenders, midfielders and forwards. Technical performance variables analysis included: total passes, total successful passes, pass accuracy, total shots; total shots to target, shot accuracy, ball interception and ball losses.
Results : The findings of this study showed that players performed about 45 passes per competition. Midfielders and defenders had significantly higher number of passes than forwards. Also, the players performed about 0. Forwards showed significantly lower ball interception and higher ball losses than other positions. Conclusion : The result of this study showed that there were significant differences between some technical actions in positional roles.
Therefore, coaches can use this information for individualization of training according to playing positions and for optimization of training in the amateur game. See you at the match: Motivation for sport consumption and intrinsic psychological reward of premier football league spectators in South Africa. Full Text Available Orientation: Local football contributes significantly to the social- and economic welfare of South Africa through its spectators.
Understanding the motives and experiences of football spectators could provide opportunities for capitalising on football as revenue stream feeding the South African economy. Research purpose: To investigate how motives for sport consumption predict intrinsic psychological reward of South African premier league football spectators. Motivation for the study: Sport - particularly football - is an untapped resource for stimulating economic development and growth through its consumers.
Spectators, who often experience their investment in the sport as deeply rewarding and meaningful, should participate more frequently in purchasing products or services associated with the sport. Through understanding the motives for sport consumption of South African premier league football spectators and the impact of these motives on intrinsic psychological reward experiences, football clubs are able to provide a targeted experience or service to spectators in order to further stimulate economic growth.
Research design, approach and method: A census sample of football spectators attending various matches at a football stadium in Soweto was drawn. A cross-sectional research design was implemented. This research was exploratory and descriptive. Structural equation modelling was implemented to assess the factor structures of the constructs, to confirm composite reliability of the measures and to assess the structural paths between the variables.
Main findings: A predictive model for intrinsic psychological rewards life satisfaction and meaning through the motivation for sport consumption individual — and game related factors was confirmed.
It was further established that motivation for sport consumption is significantly positively a related to and b associated with the experience of intrinsic psychological reward by South African. Can the topic of a conversation, when heavily associated with a particular dialect region, influence how a speaker realizes a linguistic variable? Nine speakers of British English and eleven speakers of American English were interviewed about their favorite American football and English soccer teams.
We present evidence that the soccer fans in this speech community produce variants more consistent with Standard American English when talking about American football than English soccer. Numeric trends in the data also suggest that exposure to both American and British English , being a fan of both sports, and task may mediate these effects.
The challenge and impact of engaging hard-to-reach populations in regular physical activity and health behaviours: an examination of an English Premier League 'Football in the Community' men's health programme.
To investigate the challenges that men from hard-to-reach HTR populations encounter when attempting to commit to regular participation in physical activity and health behaviours, and to explore the psychological and social effects of participation in a twelve week football-led health improvement intervention.
The programme consisted of a two hour football session, twice weekly, alongside the dissemination of healthy living messages. Football sessions were conducted by a qualified FitC coach. This research was conducted during a twelve week period of immersed practitioner-research.
Ethnographic and observational methodologies were adopted. Psychosocial issues were discussed with participants through informal client-researcher interactions and data were logged via field notes.
Records of attendance were logged. Participants who failed to attend a session were contacted and their reason s for non-attendance were recorded. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive reasoning. Despite the apparent ambition of the participants to regularly participate in the FitC programme, adherence to the programme was poor. Economic, environmental and social barriers to engagement in the programme were apparent. Engagement in the programme resulted in positive psychosocial developments; the development of structure, social interaction and social capital.
Community based football-led health improvement programmes endorsed by professional football clubs appear well positioned to connect with, and attract, men from HTR populations. The evidence suggests that such programmes can. Corporate social responsibility and mental health: the Premier League football Imagine Your Goals programme. Football is increasingly used to facilitate recovery in mental health services, often in partnership with football clubs.
However, few clubs have made mental health part of their corporate social responsibility programmes until recently. We report the impact on participants of the 'Imagine Your Goals' programme, run by 16 Premier League football clubs in conjunction with England's Time to Change programme to reduce mental health-related stigma and discrimination.
There were no significant changes to participants' mental well-being scores between baseline and follow-up, nor to the total number of social resources accessible through their networks. However, there was a statistically significant increase at follow-up in the mean score of the personal skills subscale of the Resource Generator-UK. Participants' individual skills were also higher at follow-up. Qualitative data showed programmes had largely met participants' expectations in terms of socializing, providing structure and improving fitness levels, exceeded expectations in relationships with coaching staff and additional activities, but did not always meet them in improving football skills.
Participants varied in their knowledge of exit opportunities, depending on which club's programme they attended. A minority of clubs reported difficulties in recruitment and concerns about planning for the future of the projects. Football clubs and the charitable foundations they set up can successfully deliver programmes to people with mental health problems which improve access to personal skills social capital and have other potential benefits.
As a result, we have found that the Brazilian League was the most balanced tournament in this period and there are no statistical differences between European leagues. The aim of this paper was to use a clinical example to describe a treatment strategy for the management of recurrent chronic groin pain and evaluate the evidence of the interventions.
The injury was managed successfully with a nine-point programme - 1. Acute pharmacological management. Tone reduction of over-active structures. Improved ROM at hips, pelvis and thorax. Adductor strength. Functional movement assessment. Core stability. Lumbo-pelvic control. Gym-based strengthening. The evidence for these interventions is reviewed. The player returned to full training and match play within 41 and 50 days, respectively, and experienced no recurrence of his symptoms in follow up at 13 months.
All rights reserved. A new method for comparing rankings through complex networks: Model and analysis of competitiveness of major European soccer leagues.
In this paper, we show a new technique to analyze families of rankings. In particular, we focus on sports rankings and, more precisely, on soccer leagues.
We consider that two teams compete when they change their relative positions in consecutive rankings. This allows to define a graph by linking teams that compete. We show how to use some structural properties of this competitivity graph to measure to what extend the teams in a league compete.
These structural properties are the mean degree, the mean strength, and the clustering coefficient. We give a generalization of the Kendall's correlation coefficient to more than two rankings. We also show how to make a dynamic analysis of a league and how to compare different leagues.
We compare our results with the classical analysis of sport ranking based on measures of competitive balance.
Understanding Betting Strategy. In this paper, we present betting strategy of a football game using probability theory.
We know all betting houses offer slightly unfair odds towards the player. Here we discuss a simple way to figure out which betting house is offering relatively better odds compared to others for English Premier League. However, this methodology can be adopted for another league football match. Static balance shows how teams in the league tables of each year differ from each another. It is determined by a calculation of determinant divergences in the percentages of winnings.
The results of this work provide graphic illustrations of the development of the competitive balance in the aforementioned contests over the latest forty-two years. They identify the development trend of this phenomenon. Of the contests studied, it is the Czech premier league which used to show the highest static balance. However, nowadays, the Austrian and Hungarian leagues are more balanced in the short term.
On the contrary, it is the Ukrainian league which is the least balanced. There is an apparent longterm decline of competition balance within all of the analyzed competitions. However, this decline varies a lot within the group. Distance matters in away games: Evidence from the German football league. This paper assesses the role of distance in professional team sports, taking the example of football soccer. Full Text Available The economic environment and business, advertising in sport is one of the ways that most companies to manage the brand, its products and expanding its market in the country.
The aim of the present study investigates the effects of advertising on transfer of brand identity from the perspective of sports consumers in Premier League football. This study on the nature and purpose and in terms of descriptive and correlational in terms of search data, a survey was carried out that way. After face and content validity, reliability test using Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire, the effect of advertising tools 0.
In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods for the calculation and processing information, and also Spss software packages and LISREL were used. The effect of each variable prioritize research also showed use of tool television advertising has the greatest impact on consumers transfer of brand identity. According to the results, it can be said that managers, marketers and planners of advertising companies, organizations and clubs and sporting goods service provider using of the effectiveness of each advertising tool and provide an integrated program of tools and to inform, remind and convince consumers can transfer of brand identity or brand and achieve their advertising goals.
A systematic review of concussion in rugby league. Concussion remains one of the inherent risks of participation in rugby league. While other injuries incurred by rugby league players have been well studied, less focus and attention has been directed towards concussion. The current review examined all articles published in English from up to June pertaining to concussion in rugby league players. Publications were retrieved via six databases using the key search terms: rugby league , league , football; in combination with injury terms: athletic injuries, concussion, sports concussion, sports-related concussion, brain concussion, brain injury, brain injuries, mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI, traumatic brain injury, TBI, craniocerebral trauma, head injury and brain damage.
Observational, cohort, correlational, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were all included. Rugby league concussion incidence rates vary widely from 0. The incidence rates vary across match play versus training session, seasons winter vs summer and playing position forwards vs backs.
The ball carrier has been found to be at greater risk for injury than tacklers. In comparison with other collision sports, research evaluating concussion in rugby league is limited. With such limited published rugby league data, there are many aspects of concussion that require attention, and future research may be directed towards these unanswered questions. For permission to use where not already granted under a.
Environmental stimuli in the form of marketing inducements to gamble money on sports have increased in recent years. The purpose of the present paper is to tackle the extended definition of the gamblification of sport using sponsorship and partnership deals of gambling, forex trading, and fantasy gaming as a proxy for assessing its environmental impact.
Using data about sponsorship deals from English Football Premier League , the paper builds on the evidence of English football's gamblification process to discuss the impact that the volume, penetration, and marketing strategies of sports betting might have on public health and well-being.
Findings demonstrate that gambling marketing has become firmly embedded in the financial practices of many Premiership football clubs. It is argued that such associations are not trivial, and that the symbolic linkage of sport and newer gambling forms can become an issue of public health, especially affecting vulnerable groups such as minors and problem gamblers.
The present study is the first to explore in-depth the relationship and potential consequences and psychosocial impacts of sports-related marketing, particularly in relation to football.
Presence of the relative age effect and its effect on playing time among under players in the Norwegian premier league Tippeligaen — a four-year follow up. Full Text Available European top-level soccer clubs are continually looking for talented players. Few clubs, however, are willing to let youth players play at the highest senior level.
Perhaps as a consequence, the search for talented players has resulted in an imbalance in the characteristics of these players, towards an overrepresentation of players born early in the selection year, an effect called the relative age effect RAE. The RAE has been documented to be present among senior top-level players. Even so, few studies have investigated the effect among youth players at the senior level.
Participants were male players born in The effect was even increasing in the four-year period. As we could expect based on the literature, the oldest players are given more playing time. However, the connection between playing time and RAE was inconsistent. Norwegian top-level soccer seems to be affected by the RAE when selecting their players. These players are not however guaranteed playing time because of the RAE. Crowd medical services in the English Football League : remodelling the team for the 21st century using a realist approach.
Objectives To evaluate the new model of providing care based on demand. This included reconfiguration of the workforce to manage workforce supply challenges and meet demand without compromising the quality of care.
The guidance on provision of services has focused on extreme circumstances such as the Hillsborough disaster in , while the majority of demand on present-day services is from patients with minor injuries, exacerbations of injuries and pre-existing conditions. A realist approach was taken. Data on each episode of care were collected over 14 consecutive football league seasons at Millwall FC divided into two periods, preimplementation of changes and postimplementation of changes.
Data on workforce retention and volunteer satisfaction were also collected. Primary and secondary outcomes The primary outcome was to examine the demand for crowd medical services. The secondary outcome was to remodel the service to meet these demands.
Results In total, episodes of care were recorded over the evaluation period of 14 years. The groups presenting, demographic and type of presentation did not change over the evaluation.
First aiders were involved in There was a downward trend in referrals to hospital. Workforce feedback was positive. Conclusions The new workforce model has met increased service demands while reducing the number of referrals to acute care.
It involves the first aid workforce in more complex care and key decision-making and provides a flexible registered healthcare professional team to optimise the skill mix of the team. Continental Mathematics League. This article describes the activities of the Continental Mathematics League , which offers a series of meets for children in grades 3 though 9.
In addition, a Calculus League and a Computer Contest are offered. The league allows schools to participate by mail so that rural schools can participate. Concussion in youth rugby union and rugby league : a systematic review. Children and adolescents who play rugby are at increased risk of concussion and its effects. Competitive rugby union and rugby league feature as major sports in the school sport curriculum in the UK.
There is a need for a thorough understanding of the epidemiology of concussion in youth rugby, the mechanisms involved in injuries and predisposing risk factors. The review was conducted within a larger all injury systematic review on rugby union and rugby league where key words used in the search included rugby, injury and concussion with child, adolescent, paediatric and youth.
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CV, voice actress, VA, seiyu, VO, voice dubber, dubbed by, vocal role as, voice actors, voice actresses, voiced by. Use on one item per site, link parts with property "has part" P Norwegian heritage property identification number of Riksantikvaren the Directorate for Cultural Heritage.
Use as qualifier for "position held" P39 or "office contested" P or "candidacy in election" P Format: 2 letters followed by digits. For U. IDs, use Property:P Used with dedicated items for each category. URL of the official page of an item current or former [if the page changes, add an additional statement with preferred rank. Do not remove the former URL]. Wikimedia category, Wikipedia category, category, Wiki category, category for this topic, has category, main category, subject category.
Format for persons: "XX" followed by 4 to 7 digits. Used for all publications up to convertible to ISBN for some online catalogs; useful for old books or fac-similes not reedited since ODP, directory. Relationship between entry and subject must be supported by a source.
Use P for newer IDs. Explicitly state white light W. Indicate how the qualificator item is related to the main item. See also P present in work and P fictional universe described in. Most recent data would generally have preferred rank; data for previous years normal rank not deprecated rank. Add data for recent years, don't overwrite.
US Congress Bio identifier, bioguide. Use 'cause of death' P for the specific physiological mechanism, e. Danish scientific level of research publications, coordinated with the nordic list of publication channels.
See also item Bibliometric Research Indicator Q Iconclass code that corresponds with an artistic theme or concept. For artworks, use P depicts Iconclass notation. Iconclass code depicted in an artwork. For linking Iconclass codes with their corresponding artistic themes or concepts, use P Iconclass notation. Format: "a", 7 digits, "x" or digit. Don't use it to add film items. Instead, add actors as "cast member" P on items for films, directors with "director" P Format: 5 to 7 digits.
Not be confused with place of birth or place of residence. Use as qualifier for other date properties. Also a total number of matches a player officially appeared in during the whole career. Use P for league points. Use "structure replaces" P for structures. Use "follows" P if the previous item was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical.
Use P "followed by" if the item is not replaced nor identical, but adds to the series e. Lists every U.
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